Characteristics

Highest Specific Strength of Existing Metallic Materials

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Characteristics	Examples	Representative Applications
Excellent in corrosion resistance	Perfectly resistant to seawater	Heat exchangers, construction material
Lightweight	Lightweight equivalent to 60% of stainless steel	Airplane engines
High strength	Tensile strength of 275-735MPa in commercially pure titanium and of 620-1800MPa in titanium alloys	Airplane engines
Excellent in elasticity	Modulus of longitudinal elasticity (Young's modulus) equivalent to approximately 50% of stainless steel	Golf club heads, springs
Excellent in low temperature tenacity	Both commercially pure titanium and titanium alloys do not become brittle at extremely low temperatures.	Liquefied oxygen tanks
Low thermal conductivity	Thermal conductivity equivalent to approximately 8% of aluminum, equal to stainless steel	Jig and tools for molten metal
Easy temperature rise	Heat capacity equivalent to approximately 60% of stainless steel	Pots and fry pans
High resistance to thermal shrink	Thermal expansion rates equivalent to approximately 50% of stainless steel	Construction material, semiconductormanufacturing equipments
High electric resistance	Electric resistance 30 times as high as copper, excellent in resistance welding performance	Seam welding of roof members, etc.
Extremely low magnetism	Magnetic permeability 1.00005	Electronic devices (Stepper, etc.)
Superconductivity	Manifestation in Ti-Nb base alloy	Super induction motors, magnetic float trains
Excellent in biocompatibility	Less ions fluent in body. Less toxicity	Artificial joints, tooth roots, and cardiac valves
Gentle to skin	Excellent control effects against metal allergies	Watches, neck laces
Hydrogen occlusion	Manifestation in Ti-Fe base alloy	Hydrogen gas feeders
Short radioactive half value period	Half life shorter than iron, nickel, and chrome	Radioactive wastes disposing and storing vessels
Incombustible	Authorized as incombustible material (Authorized No. NM-8596)	Construction material
High class image	Used as the housings for high class cameras and personal computers	Housings of high class cameras and personal computers
Excellent in design properties	Coloring by cathode oxidizing treatment available	Monuments

PHYSICAL PROPERTIES

	Commercially pure titanium	Titanium alloy Ti-6AI-4V	Iron	SUS 304	Super stainless steel
	Commercially pure titanium	Titanium alloy Ti-6AI-4V	Iron	SUS 304	Austenitic	Ferrite
Atomic number	22	-	26	-	-	-
Atomic weight	47.9	-	55.8	-	-	-
Crystalline structure	HCP< 885°C <BCC	HCP< approx.990°C <BCC	BCC< 830°C <FCC	FCC	FCC	BCC
Specific gravity	4.51	4.42	7.9	8.0	8.0	8.0
Melting point(°C)	1668	1540- 1650	1530	1400- 1427	1320- 1400	1400
Young's modulus GPa	106	113	192	199	204	215
Poisson's ratio	0.34	0.30-0.33	0.31	0.29	-	-
Electric resistance (μ Ω-cm, 20°C)	47-55	171	9.7	72	90	72
Electric conductivity to Cu	3.1	1.1	18.0	2.4	1.9	2.4
Thermal conductivity (W/m°C)	17	7.5	62	16	13	17
Thermal expansioncoefficient (X10^-6/°C)[0˜100°C]	8.4	8.8	12	17	16	16
Specific heat(J/kg-K)	520	520	460	500	500	450
Heat capacity (J/m³-K)	2.4 X 10⁶	2.3 X 10⁶	3.6 X 10⁶	4.0 X 10⁶	4.0 X 10⁶	3.6 X 10⁶

	Aluminum	Aluminum alloy 7075	Magnesium alloy AZ31	Hastelloy C	Copper	Zirconium	Glass
Atomic number	13	-	-	-	29	40	-
Atomic weight	27.0	-	-	-	63.5	91.2	-
Crystalline structure	FCC	FCC	HCP	FCC	FCC	HCP< 863°C <BCC	amor phous
Specific gravity	2.7	2.8	1.8	8.9	8.9	6.5	2.4
Melting point(°C)	660	476-638	838-905	1305	1083	1852	800
Young's modulus GPa	69	71	45	205	117	89	98
Poisson's ratio	0.33	0.33	0.35	-	0.34	0.33	0.24
Electric resistance (μ Ω-cm, 20°C)	2.7	5.8	9.3	130	1.7	40-54	-
Electric conductivity to Cu	64.0	30.0	18.5	1.3	100	3.1	-
Thermal conductivity (W/m°C)	203	120	96	12	381	17	1
Thermal expansioncoefficient (X10^-6/°C)[0˜100°C]	23	23	26	12	17	6	9
Specific heat(J/kg-K)	880	960	960	1050	390	290	1050
Heat capacity (J/m³-K)	2.4 X 10⁶	2.7 X 10⁶	1.9 X 10⁶	3.5 X 10⁶	3.5 X 10⁶	1.9 X 10⁶	2.5 X 10⁶

The values listed above are the representative values. Where the values other than those of titanium are used for design, etc., it is recommended to inquire about the details to the manufacturer of each material or otherwise to verify them in the relevant expertise books.

TITANIUM CLASSIFICATION

Classification		Representative examples			Features		Representative applications
Classification		Name		Tensile strength (representative value) MPa	Features		Representative applications
Commercially pure titanium		JIS	Class-1	320	Excellent in corrosion resistance and formability		Press-formed products Plate type heat exchangers Welded tubes Electrodes Construction material Civil products
			Class-2	415
			Class-3	545
			Class-4	650
Titanium alloy	Corrosion resistant alloy (Small amount of the platinum group element is added)	Ti-0.15Pd		Same level as commercially pure titanium	Corrosion resistance higher than commercially pure titanium		Reaction vessels Plate type heat exchangers Welded tubes Electrolytic tank members
	α type	Ti-5Al-2.5Sn		860	Excellent in heat resistance and low temperature properties		Liquefied fuel tanks for rocket applications (ELI*¹Grade used)
	α-β type	Ti-6Al-4V		960	High strength, high ductility		Airplane parts Golf club heads
	α-β type	Ti-6Al-4V		1170 (STA*³)	High strength, high ductility		Airplane parts Golf club heads
	β type	Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al		830 (ST*²)	Cold processing available	Low Young's modulus	Springs Bicycle gears Gold club heads Fishing appliances
	β type	Ti-15V-3Cr-3Sn-3Al		1400 (STA*³)	Extra high strength obtainable	Low Young's modulus	Springs Bicycle gears Gold club heads Fishing appliances

*1 ELI : Extra low interstitial
*2 ST : Solution treatment
*3 STA : Solution treatment and aging

Tensile strength: Strength value subject to annealed condition, unless otherwise specially indicated